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Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol. 54 (1968), No. 2

ISIJ International
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ONLINE ISSN: 1883-2954
PRINT ISSN: 0021-1575
Publisher: The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan

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Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol. 54 (1968), No. 2

Equilibrium Study on the Reaction; 4CaO (s) +2P+5H2O=4CaO·P2O5 (s) +H2 (g), and Interaction between Phosphorus and Oxygen in Liquid Iron

Fukuo ARATANI, Yasuo OMORI, Koji SANBONGI

pp. 143-151

Abstract

The activity of oxygen in liquid iron-phosphorus alloy and equilibrium of phosphorus-oxygen in liquid iron in contact with a mixture of solid tetracalciumphosphate and calcium, oxide was studied inia controlled atomosphere of H2-H20 gas mixture.
The results obtained were summarized as follows;
H2(g)+O=H2O(g)
log K=8, 180/T-3.83
ΔG°=-37, 400+17.5T (1500-1650°C)
2P+4CaO(s)+5H2O(g)=4CaO·P2O5(s)+H2(g)
log K=61, 300/T-26.7
ΔG°=-281, 000+122T (1540-1600°C)
2P+4CaO(s)+5O=4CaO·P2O5(s)
log K=96, 600/T-42.9
ΔG°=-442, 000+196T (1540-1600°C)
e(P)O=0.03(0.05-2.0%P), e(O)P=0.05
e(P)P=+0.01--0.04 (0.05-2.0%P)

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Equilibrium Study on the Reaction; 4CaO (s) +2P+5H2O=4CaO·P2O5 (s) +H2 (g), and Interaction between Phosphorus and Oxygen in Liquid Iron

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Analysis of Oxidizing Reactions in an Oxygen Top Blowing Converter

Takehiko FUJII, Taiji ARAKI, Katukiyo MARUKAWA

pp. 151-161

Abstract

The authors represented the analysis of oxidizing reactions in an oxygen top blowing converter, assuming that the carbon-oxygen reaction in the converter is the metal-gas reaction as previously reported.
The other oxidizing reaction take place in close relation with the decarburization. The decarburization process in the converter is devided into three blowing periods according to its reaction characteristics, and the other reactions can be also explained relatively with decarburization in each blowing period.
On these basis, the reactions of dephosphorizaion and desulphurization in an oxygen converter were discussed mainly in terms of oxygen blowing by analyzing results of laboratory work and practical experiments.

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Analysis of Oxidizing Reactions in an Oxygen Top Blowing Converter

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Formation of Cold-Rolled Texture and Recrystallized Texture in Single Crystals of 3% Silicon Iron

Tadami TAOKA, Ei-ichi FURUBAYASHI, Shin TAKEUCHI

pp. 162-190

Abstract

Systematic studies were carried out on the formation of rolled textures in 3% Si-Fe single crystals with a number of preselected orientations. The rolled textures were determined by the X-ray pole figure method at successive stages of rolling, and the operating slip systems were determined by observation of slip bands on the rolling, side and front surfaces. Among all the crystals used, those in {100}‹011›, {111}‹211› and {112}‹110› orientations maintained their initial orientation almost unchanged during rolling, while the others changed their orientation towards any one or two of the three with increasing reduction by rolling.
To describe the results comprehensively, the crystals were classified into three, i.e., the first series consists of those crystals with a common {100} plane parallel to the rolling plane, the second series with a common ‹011› direction parallel to the transverse direction and the third series with a common ‹011› direction parallel to the rolling direction. In the first series, the crystals rotated around the normal of the rolling plane {001} towards the {001}‹110› orientation with increasing reduction. In the second series, the crystals oriented between {011}‹100› and {211}‹111› rotated around the transverse ‹011› direction towards {111}‹211› and those between {211}‹111› and {100}‹011› rotated towards {100}‹011›. While, all the crystals of the third series maintained their inital orientations almost unchanged during rolling.
The way by which the crystals change their orientations with reduction was semiquantitatively explained by geometrical considerations of the actually operating slip systems having large Schmid factors for compression and tension, taking account of change of their factors with rotation of the crystal. According to the geometrical calculation, the {211}‹011› orientation has been proved to be unconditionally stable for rolling, while the {100}‹011› and {111}‹211› orientations can not be stable unless some restrictions are imposed on the operation of slip systems.

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Formation of Cold-Rolled Texture and Recrystallized Texture in Single Crystals of 3% Silicon Iron

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Formation of Cold-Rolled Texture and Recrystallized Texture in Single Crystals of 3% Silicon Iron

pp. 190-210

Abstract

Systematic studies were carried out on the formation of recrystallized texture of 3% Si-Fe single crystals with pre-selected orientation which were cold rolled to a range from 6 to 95%. Change of the annealing texture was successively examined by using the X-ray pole figure method in relation to the metallographic microstructure.
The recrystallization rate was dependent greatly on the type of the rolled texture and was the higher, the rolling pressure and Vickers hardness the crystal exhibited. The primary texture was composed of one or more components which were characteristic of the type of the end orientations, (000)(001), (111)‹211›, and (112)‹110›, of the rolled texture. In the rolled crystal with multiple components, every region of each component was always occupied only by the corresponding components of the primary texture even if one component of the rolled texture was markedly different from the others in the recrystallization rate.
Some attempts were made at determining the orientation relationship between the newly formed primaries and the rolled matrix consumed by the primaries. Orientation of each primary was crystallographically related to the matrix, even if it appeared to be randomly distributed at first sight. However, the relationship was relationship was not describable definitely by a simple relation.

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Formation of Cold-Rolled Texture and Recrystallized Texture in Single Crystals of 3% Silicon Iron

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Investigation into the Tile-Recuperatortube Referring to its Construction, Operation and Durability Some Proposals to their Improvement

Takehiko OTSUKA

pp. 225-234

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Investigation into the Tile-Recuperatortube Referring to its Construction, Operation and Durability Some Proposals to their Improvement

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Cooperative Studies on Ladle Crane Scale for Steel Making Practice

Hideo OKABE

pp. 235-248

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Cooperative Studies on Ladle Crane Scale for Steel Making Practice

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Reaction between Fe-Mn Alloy and Synthetic Oxide at High Temperatures

Kokichi SANO, Koin ITO, Nobuyuki MIZUNO, Tomoo TAKENOUCHI

pp. 249-250

Abstract

In order to study the effects of temperature on the nature of non-metallic inclusions, measurments were done at 1000-1400°C on the reactions between 5-6% Mn-Fe alloy and synthetic oxide which filled a 5mm dia. and 15mm depth hole in the alloy. The results obtained here are as follows: Many oxide particles, precipitated like a layer around the buried oxide. The thickness of precipitation zone increased with increase in temperature, time of heating and the concentration of FeO in the synthetic oxide. The oxide particles had various shapes including spheres. Size of particles increased as the time increased. It was shown from the analysis by EPMA that Mn concentration in the matrix around the particles of irregular shapes decreased, and that Mn/Fe ratio in the particles increased with increasing temperature and time. Accordingly it is supposed that the oxide particles grow by diffusion of manganese from matrix to the particles. Spheric particles, most of which were made of silica or silicates, distributed throughout the precipitation zone. It is supposed that silicon in these particles came from the synthetic oxide by diffusion.

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