Steel Science Portal

Tetsu-to-Hagané
New Arrival Alert : OFF

You can use this feature after you logged into the site.
Please click the button below.

Log in / Sign up

Grid List Abstracts

ONLINE ISSN: 1883-2954
PRINT ISSN: 0021-1575

Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol. 90 (2004), No. 2

  • The Current Status and Future of Iron Ore and Coal Resources for Japanese Steel Mills

    Ken-ichi NAGANO

    pp. 51-60

    Bookmark

    You can use this feature after you logged into the site.
    Please click the button below.

    Log in / Sign Up

    Abstract

    There are iron ore and coal resources to supply raw materials for ironmaking for many years. Recent developments, such as the consolidation of raw materials suppliers and increase of iron ore imports in China, influence the present and future availability of raw materials. Carajas iron ore, pisolitic iron ore and "semi-soft" coking coal are the accomplishment of about 20 years' cooperative development of new sources and raw materials utilization by Japanese steel mills. To adopt the changes and natural resources availability, the next targets are Marra Mamba and high P Brockman iron ores from Western Australia for iron ore and less usage of prime coking coal for coal. In future, utilization of scrap is a key for steel industries.

    Recommended Articles: Behavior of Dioxins in the Sintering Process of Iron Ores [ View more ]

    x

    Readers Who Read This Article Also Read

    1. Behavior of Dioxins in the Sintering Process of Iron Ores Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol.87(2001), No.5
    2. Grinding Sludge Recycling to Reduce Environmental Load (Investigation of Relation between Machine Characteristic and Grinding Sludge Briquetting Condition) Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol.93(2007), No.3
    3. Effect of Coal Interaction on Coke Strength Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol.87(2001), No.5

  • Microstructure Development and Control in Steel Welds

    Toshihiko KOSEKI

    pp. 61-72

    Bookmark

    You can use this feature after you logged into the site.
    Please click the button below.

    Log in / Sign Up

    Abstract

    In welded structures, welds are required to have performances equivalent to base metals in wrought and annealed conditions. To achieve the performance required, various microstructure controls have been developed and applied for steel weld metals and heat-affected zone to minimize the coarse, heterogeneous and brittle structures. In this article, these microstructure controls are reviewed with a particular emphasis on the toughness of carbon-manganese and low-alloy steel welds. The control of inclusions and the optimization of steel compositions for the improved microstructure refinement are discussed, since the refinement of weld microstructure has been achieved by the inclusion-assisted grain refinement of prior austenite and the enhancement of intra-granular ferrite formation. The discussions are extended to the role of inclusions as pinning particles and as preferential nucleation sites of ferrite, which is important for further improvement of the technology. Toughness degradation due to martensite-austenite constituent in welds is also referred. Current understandings of the microstructure controls in carbon-manganese and low-alloy steels welds and issues to be solved are summarized.

    Recommended Articles: Emulsion Type Rolling Oil with High Performance for Friction Pickup in High Speed Cold Rolling [ View more ]

    x

    Readers Who Read This Article Also Read

    1. Emulsion Type Rolling Oil with High Performance for Friction Pickup in High Speed Cold Rolling Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol.90(2004), No.3
    2. Effects of Hydrogen on Mechanical Behavior of Steels Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol.90(2004), No.10
    3. Effects of Partial Pressure of Water Vapor in Annealing Atmosphere on Wettability of Mn, Si Containing Steel with Molten Zinc Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol.89(2003), No.1

  • Strength and Structure of Heat Resisting Steels at High Temperatures

    Hideharu NAKASHIMA

    pp. 73-78

    Bookmark

    You can use this feature after you logged into the site.
    Please click the button below.

    Log in / Sign Up

    Abstract

    The heat resistant steel is a structural material for the high temperature of thermal power generation etc. As mechanical property for the heat resistant steel, high temperature strength should be high, and the rupture time be long. But, the structure of the steel remakably change during long time creep deformation because diffusion easily occurs at the high temperature. Therefore, it is necessary to control the structural change during creep deformation to maintain strength for a long time at the high temperature. In this paper, at first the origin of high temperature sterngth of the heat resistant steel is described in view point of high-temperature deformation mechanism. Next, the grain boundaries in martensitic structure which are the fundamental structure of the heat resistant steel is described, and the change of these boundaries during creep deformation is described. The structure control of a further making of the heat resisting steel to high strength is described by using these findings.

  • Numerical Simulation on High-temperature Gasification and Melting Furnace for Solid Waste

    Xiaoping LIANG, Hiroshi NOGAMI, Jun-ichiro YAGI, Shinichi ISOZAKI, Tsuneo MATSUDAIRA

    pp. 79-85

    Bookmark

    You can use this feature after you logged into the site.
    Please click the button below.

    Log in / Sign Up

    Abstract

    Currently, a number of waste treatment technologies have been developed. Among them, melting treatment has drawn more and more attentions due to merits such as low environmental pollution, high volume reduction and widespread treatment capacity for various waste materials.
    In this study, a two-dimensional mathematical model of high-temperature gasification and melting furnace was developed. This model considers motion; heat transfer and mass transfer of gas, solid and liquid phases in the furnace. Furthermore, this model did take into account the possible chemical reactions and phase transformations. The governing equations include inter-phase exchange of mass, momentum and heat, and consist of strongly coupled set of simultaneous partial differential equations. The model was applied to a gasification-melting furnace having packed bed for gasification and melting of wastes, and freeboard for secondary combustion of pyrolyzed gas. The computational results clearly showed regions of gasification, combustion and melting in the furnace as well as the flow field distributions of temperature, component concentration and other process variables.

  • Analysis of Iron and Steels for Tramp Elements by Graphite Furnace AAS

    Takeshi KOBAYASHI, Shin'ichi HASEGAWA, Shinji ITOH, Kunikazu IDE, Hitoshi YAMAGUCHI, Katsura YAMADA

    pp. 86-91

    Bookmark

    You can use this feature after you logged into the site.
    Please click the button below.

    Log in / Sign Up

    Abstract

    We examined the methods for determining trace amount of tramp elements contained in iron and steels using the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF-AAS). We also investigated the graphite furnace heating conditions for no-loss ashing and high-efficiency atomization of tramp elements by the graphite furnace atomic absorption method. Vaporization of each element was observed for various heating conditions by using the electrothermal vaporization /ICP mass analysis method, which used the same type of graphite furnace as the one used for the atomic absorption method. As a result, we confirmed that all elements could only be observed by the atomizing step. Assuming the lower detection limit of this method to be 3σ, the detection limit for 1 g of specimen was 0.05ppm for As, 0.025ppm for Bi, 0.017 ppm for Pb, 0.022 ppm for Sb, 0.020 ppm for Sn, and 0.003 ppm for Zn. This method was demonstrated to be an accurate and fast tramp element analyzing method.

    Recommended Articles: Effect of Retained Austenite on Deep Drawability in 1000MPa Grade High Shrength Steel Sheets [ View more ]

    x

    Readers Who Read This Article Also Read

    1. Effect of Retained Austenite on Deep Drawability in 1000MPa Grade High Shrength Steel Sheets Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol.79(1993), No.2
    2. Initial Stages of Recrystallization in Aluminum Killed Steel Sheets as Observed by Transmission Electron Microscopy Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol.59(1973), No.2
    3. Development of Hot-strip Crownmeter Using γ-ray Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol.59(1973), No.5

  • Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Negative Ion Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry and its Application for Analysis of Coal Tar

    Yuji FUJIOKA

    pp. 92-97

    Bookmark

    You can use this feature after you logged into the site.
    Please click the button below.

    Log in / Sign Up

    Abstract

    Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) using electron ionization (El), positive ion chemical ionization (CI) and negative ion chemical ionization (N-CI) mass spectrometry. PAHs are major constituents of coal tar, and GC/MS technique is a useful analysis method for complex mixture of PAHs such as coal tar. El and Cl methods give similar sensitivities for each PAHs in reconstructed ion chromatograms (RIC). N-CI method gives different sensitivities in RIC for structural isomers and alkyl-side chain compounds. The results of GC/MS analysis of coal tar, RIC by El and N-CI method were quite different. It was confirmed that N-CI method is useful for analysis of PAHs mixture, because of good selectivity for PAHs structural isomers.

  • High-temperature Nitridation Behavior of an Fe-38Ni-13Co-4.7Nb-1.5Ti-0.4Si Superalloy in a Flowing Nitrogen Gas Atmosphere

    Kiyoshi KUSABIRAKI, Kentaro SHIRAI

    pp. 98-105

    Bookmark

    You can use this feature after you logged into the site.
    Please click the button below.

    Log in / Sign Up

    Abstract

    High-temperature nitridation behavior of an Fe-38Ni-13Co-4.7Nb-1.5Ti-0.4Si superalloy (alloy 909) has been investigated in a flowing nitrogen gas atmosphere at 1073 to 1273K using metallographic, X-ray diffraction and electron probe microanalysis techniques. The scales consist of an external scale and a subscale. The former is composed of reaction products on the alloy. The latter is composed a mixture of intragranular reaction products and an un-reacted alloy matrix. The reaction products in these scales are identified as TiN, NbN and Nb2N including small amounts of Fe3O4, α-Fe2O3 and CoFe2O4. The rate constants for the subscale formation in this alloy are about 200600 times as large as those in CMSX-2, CMSX-6 and SRR99 reported previously. At all the temperatures the external scale and the subscale grow according to a parabolic rate law and apparent activation energies for these scale growth are estimated to be 123 kJ/mol and 158 kJ/mol, respectively. The rate determining diffusion element for subscale growth is considered to be N in the alloy matrix.

  • Hydrogen Absorption of High Nb Bearing Steel

    Tomohiko OMURA, Takahiro KUSHIDA, Kaori MIYATA, Yu-ichi KOMIZO

    pp. 106-112

    Bookmark

    You can use this feature after you logged into the site.
    Please click the button below.

    Log in / Sign Up

    Abstract

    Effects of niobium addition on strengthening, hydrogen absorption and hydrogen embrittlement have been investigated paying attentions to carbides morphologies by using laboratory melted clean steels. Addition of niobium and austenitizing at high temperature enhanced temper softening resistance due to fine niobium carbide precipitation during subsequent tempering. Addition of both niobium and vanadium improved temper softening resistance furthermore. High niobium steel absorbed less hydrogen in corrosive media than high vanadium steel. It would attribute to small size and incoherency of niobium carbide. High niobium steel showed good resistance to hydrogen embrittlement. It would be due to both uniform dispersion of cementite by high temperature tempering and low hydrogen absorption.

    Recommended Articles: Decarburization Behavior of Molten Steel Using Top-blown Oxygen Jet under Reduced Pressure [ View more ]

    x

    Readers Who Read This Article Also Read

    1. Decarburization Behavior of Molten Steel Using Top-blown Oxygen Jet under Reduced Pressure Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol.93(2007), No.4
    2. The Change in Composition of Inclusions in Molten Steel during Simultaneous Addition of Ca alloy and CaO–Al2O3 flux Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol.97(2011), No.5
    3. Separation of Inclusion through Swirl Flow in Immersion Nozzle Using Water Model Experiment Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol.90(2004), No.6
  • © 2004 The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan

Article Access Ranking

16 Apr. (Last 30 Days)

  1. Three-dimensional Investigations of Non-metallic Inclusions in Stainless Steels before and after Machining ISIJ International Advance Publication
  2. Perspective toward Long-term Global Goal for Carbon Dioxide Mitigation in Steel Industry Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol.105(2019), No.6
  3. Influence of Ore Assimilation and Pore Formation during Sintering on Reduction Behavior of Sintered Ores Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol.107(2021), No.3
  4. Numerical Simulation of Flow, Heat, Solidification, Solute Transfer and Electromagnetic Field for Vertical Mold and Curved Mold of Billet ISIJ International Vol.61(2021), No.3
  5. Structural and Mechanical Characterizations of Top Dross in a Molten Zinc Bath ISIJ International Vol.61(2021), No.3
  6. Dissolution Behavior of Mg and Ca from Dolomite Refractory into Al-killed Molten Steel ISIJ International Advance Publication
  7. Deformation Behavior of Longitudinal Surface Flaws in Flat Rolling of Steel Wire ISIJ International Advance Publication
  8. Numerical Study into Gravity Separation of Phosphorus from BOS Slag during Solidification ISIJ International Vol.61(2021), No.3
  9. Prediction of Spatial Composition Distribution of Inclusions in the Continuous Casting Bloom of a Bearing Steel under Unsteady Casting ISIJ International Vol.61(2021), No.3
  10. Improvement in Reduction Behavior of Sintered Ores in a Blast Furnace through Injection of Reformed Coke Oven Gas Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol.107(2021), No.4

Search Phrase Ranking

16 Apr. (Last 30 Days)

  1. blast furnace
  2. coke oven gas injection
  3. tetsu-to-hagané
  4. blast furnace productivity
  5. slag
  6. blast furnace permeability
  7. continuous casting of electrical steel
  8. deoxygen in liquid iron
  9. electrical steel and continuous casting
  10. equilibrium of deoxygen in liquid iron