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Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol. 110 (2024), No. 1

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ONLINE ISSN: 1883-2954
PRINT ISSN: 0021-1575
Publisher: The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan

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Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol. 110 (2024), No. 1

Formation Mechanism of Joint Interface in Cold Spot Joining Method and its Joint Properties

Takumi Aibara, Masayoshi Kamai, Yoshiaki Morisada, Kohsaku Ushioda, Hidetoshi Fujii

pp. 1-14

Abstract

A novel solid-state joining method called Cold Spot Joining (CSJ) has been successfully developed. In this joining concept, the material near the joining interface is plastically deformed under high pressure to form a joining interface, resulting in the fragmentation of oxide films at the joining interface and the formation of strong interface. Medium carbon steel sheets were CS-joined under various process conditions. The joining temperature can be varied by the applied pressure during CSJ. Microstructural observations and hardness distribution indicated that the appropriate pressurization resulted in joining temperatures below the A1 point and suppressed the formation of the brittle martensitic structure. By providing appropriate applied pressure, sound S45C spot-welded joints were successfully produced, showing plug failure of the base metal in both tensile shear and cross-tension tests. Further investigation into the mechanism of interface formation reveals that the oxide film at the interface is fragmented and expelled. At the same time, dynamic recrystallization occurs at the interface and extremely fine new grains with dispersed fine cementite are formed at the interface to achieve the sound joining with sufficient strength.

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Formation Mechanism of Joint Interface in Cold Spot Joining Method and its Joint Properties

Evaluation of Fatigue Crack Initiation and Propagation Properties of Structural Steels with Different Cyclic Softening Behavior Based on Local Strain

Takayuki Yonezawa, Pengjun Luo, Seiichiro Tsutsumi

pp. 15-24

Abstract

In this paper, fatigue crack initiation and propagation properties of three structural steels with different static strength and cyclic softening behavior were evaluated and compared with the estimation results based on the local strain response. Steel C had the highest cyclic softening rate, which was 10 times that of steel A and twice that of steel B. The relationship between strain range and fatigue life in the fatigue life region shorter than 105 cycles was almost the same regardless of the test steels. The fatigue crack initiation life from the notch bottom of the SENT specimen was almost the same independent of static strength and cyclic softening rate. The crack initiation life estimated from the Strain range versus fatigue life equation using the local strain response measured by DIC was roughly in agreement with the experimental results. Steel C had the highest crack opening load and the slowest fatigue crack propagation rate compared to the other two steels. The local strain range at the fatigue crack tip showed a good correlation with the fatigue crack propagation rate irrespective of the steel grade. In addition, the estimates of fatigue crack propagation rate based on the local strain response were in almost agreement with the experimental results.

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Evaluation of Fatigue Crack Initiation and Propagation Properties of Structural Steels with Different Cyclic Softening Behavior Based on Local Strain

Effects of Boron Addition on Low Cycle Bending Fatigue Strength of Gas Carburized Low Alloy Steel

Ai Goto, Masato Yuya, Kaori Kawano

pp. 25-34

Abstract

The effect of boron addition on low cycle bending fatigue strength of carburized steel was investigated. The low-cycle bending fatigue strength of B-added steel was improved compared to SCM420. When the fatigue failure was divided into the crack initiation process and the crack propagation process, the addition of boron did not affect the crack initiation life, but improved the crack propagation life. The presence of boron in B-added steels was evaluated using TOF-SIMS and AES measurements. Grain boundary segregation of boron was not observed in the gas carburized surface layer, but precipitation of BN was observed. On the other hand, grain boundary segregation of boron was observed from the carburized surface layer toward the 400 μm core side. Therefore, it is considered that the grain boundary strengthening effect of boron was not obtained in the carburized surface layer, and the crack initiation life did not change.

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Effects of Boron Addition on Low Cycle Bending Fatigue Strength of Gas Carburized Low Alloy Steel

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