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Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol. 53 (1967), No. 13

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ONLINE ISSN: 1883-2954
PRINT ISSN: 0021-1575
Publisher: The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan

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Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol. 53 (1967), No. 13

Mass-Transfer from Graphite Cylinder into Liquid Fe-C Alloy

Mineo KOSAKA, Susumu MINOWA

pp. 1467-1477

Abstract

The rates of dissolution of carbon from the rotating or stationary graphite rods into liquid Fe-C alloy were studied in the temperature range 1270-1550°C.
It was concluded that the dissolution process was controlled by mass-transfer in the liquid.
Applying non-dimensional correlation of mass-transfer under the forced convection to the experimental results on the rotating rods, the effective interdiffusivity De (cm2/sec) in liquid Fe-C alloy were estimated. In other hand, mass-transfer coefficient k (cm/sec) on the stationary rods were estimated by using non-dimmensional correlation under the free convection and compared with the experimental results.
Employing effective interdiffusivity De, experimental results on the stationary rods can be summerized as follows:
(Sh)=0.115 (Gr·m×Sc)1/3
Furthermore, effects of the heat of solution of carbon and the rates of heat-transfer on the dissolution process were briefly discussed.

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Mass-Transfer from Graphite Cylinder into Liquid Fe-C Alloy

On Mechanism of Formation of Negative Segregation Zone (alias ‘Settling Crystal Zone’) in Large Steel Ingot and Origin of (Macroscopic Oxide) Inclusions Appeared in This Zone

Yoshitaka NAKAGAWA, Akitsugu MOMOSE

pp. 1477-1508

Abstract

In order to investigate the mechanism of formation of negative segregated zone inside large steel ingots and the origin of macroscopic-oxide inclusions appeared in this zone, a series of experiments on which 3 t sand steel ingots were used was studied.
As a result, it was presumed that their formations are due to the following three points:
i) The decrease of effective distribution coefficient connected with the delay of solidification.
ii) The solidification over wide extent in negative segregated zone.
iii) The floatation of concentrated molten steel.

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Article Title

On Mechanism of Formation of Negative Segregation Zone (alias ‘Settling Crystal Zone’) in Large Steel Ingot and Origin of (Macroscopic Oxide) Inclusions Appeared in This Zone

鋼の脱酸と非金属介在物

丹羽 貴知蔵, 中川 義隆, 一戸 正良, 広瀬 豊, 渡辺 司郎, 田中 新, 鈴木 康夫, 泉田和 輝

pp. 1509-1525

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Article Title

鋼の脱酸と非金属介在物

Kinetics of Secondary Recrystallization in Silicon Iron

Takashi MATSUOKA

pp. 1526-1532

Abstract

An investigation has been made on the kinetics of secondary recrystallization in silicon iron containing Ti, Nb, or Al. While primary recrystallization grains were as large as 0.02mm in size, secondary recrystallization grains started to grow at interior parts of thickness. The shape of secondary recrystallization grains changed from elongated to equiaxed with the increase of annealing temperature.
Activation energies of induction period for the secondary recrystallization were obtained to be 120, 120, and 110kcal/mol for Ti-, Nb-, and Al-containing heats respectively. Precipitates of TiC were observed to be at the primary recrystallization grain boundaries by electron microscopy.

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Kinetics of Secondary Recrystallization in Silicon Iron

Determination of Magnesium and Zinc in Iron and Steel by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

Ohiko KAMMORI, Isamu TAGUCHI, Kenzi YOSHIKAWA

pp. 1532-1537

Abstract

Trace amounts of magnesium and zinc in iron and steel were separated by an extraction with 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTA) in methylisobutylketone (MIBK) under the existence of ammonium tartrate and determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The recommended procedure is as follows.
Take 0.1g of sample and decompose it with 10ml of 6N hydrochloric acid by heating. Oxidize the iron with several drops of nitric acid and evaporate the resulting solution to about 2 ml. After cooling, dilute the whole to about 10ml with water and add 10ml of 10% ammonium tartrate. Adjust the pH with 7N ammonia water to 8.5 when magnesium is determined or to 8 when zinc is determined. Transfer the solution to a separator) funnel and shake for about 2 min. with 10 ml of 0.01M TTA-MIBK solution when magnesium is determined or with 10 ml of 0.1M TTA-MIBK solution when zinc is determined. Discard the aqueous layer and transfer a part of the organic layer through a dry filter paper to a sample cell. Spray it into acetylene-air flame and measure the absorbance against the blank solution at 2852 rrip when magnesium is determined or at 213.8mμwhen zinc is determined.
By this procedure, from 0.0001 to 0.0050% of magnesium and from 0.0001 to 0.0100% of zinc in iron and steel were determined within 30 rnin. The interference of the co-existing impurities in iron and steel was negligible.

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Determination of Magnesium and Zinc in Iron and Steel by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

The Effect of Nb and Al on the Critical Temperature of the High Strength Steel

Tatsuro KUNITAKE

pp. 1538-1539

Abstract

The effect of Nb and Al on the transformation temperatures on heating was determined for the high strength steel (low-alloy steel with C content up to 0.20%). The relation of chemical composition of steel to the beginning-temperature (AS) and the end-temperature (Af) of transformation was well expressed by the following empirical formula.
AS=747.7+(17.6×%Si)-{23.0×%(Cu+Ni)}+(24.1×%Cr)
+(22.5×%Mo)-(39.7×%V)-(11.6×%Mn)+(31.9×%Zr)
Add -2.9 for boron containing steel.
Af=937.2-(476.5×%C)+(56.0×%Si)-(19.7×%Mn)-(16.3×%Cu)
-(26.6×%Ni)+(38.1×%Mo)+(124.8×%V)+(136.3×%Ti)
-(4.9×%Cr)+(35.0×%Zr)
The variation in transformation temperatures due to the variation in the alloy content other than Nb and Al was evaluated from the above equation and the effect of Nb and Al was obtained.
With 0.03% Nb, As was raised about 10°C, while there was no change in A. With soluble Al content of 0.03%, both AS and Af were raised about 10°C.

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Article Title

The Effect of Nb and Al on the Critical Temperature of the High Strength Steel

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