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Zairyo-to-Kankyo Vol. 54 (2005), No. 6

ISIJ International
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ONLINE ISSN: 1881-9664
PRINT ISSN: 0917-0480
Publisher: Japan Society of Corrosion Engineering

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Zairyo-to-Kankyo Vol. 54 (2005), No. 6

States of Hydrogen in Materials II

Michihiko Nagumo

pp. 251-261

Abstract

Succeeding the hydrogen states in solid solution, interactions of hydrogen with various defects such as dislocations, vacancies, precipitates, grain boundaries and voids have been reviewed. The binding energies of hydrogen with defects are collected with emphasis on experimental methods and assumptions in the theoretical analyses. The origins of the interactions are briefly described in terms of electron theories on the states of hydrogen.

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States of Hydrogen in Materials II

Rust Formation Behavior on Carbon and Weathering Steels in Wet/Dry Cycles with and without Na2SO4 Solution Spraying Combining NaCl or MgCl2 Solution Dripping

Manal G. Mahmoud, Jun Itoh, Hiroo Nagano, Keijiro Nakasa

pp. 268-274

Abstract

Initial stage of rust formation behavior of carbon and weathering steels was investigated under wet/dry cycles with spraying of Na2SO4 solution and dripping of NaCl or MgCl2 solution. With spraying of Na2SO4 solution, the weight loss of both steels increased directly with increasing time during the dripping of either NaCl or MgCl2 solution. On the other hand, in the absence of spraying, the rate of weight loss decreased with time. The weight loss with dripping of MgCl2 solution was smaller than with NaCl solution after 28 days regardless of spraying. X-ray analyses of the rusts showed that the amount of α-FeOOH was greater with dripping of NaCl solution than with MgCl2 solution, and with spraying than without spraying. The amount of X-ray amorphous phase was greater with dripping of MgCl2 solution than with NaCl solution, without spraying than with spraying, and for weathering steel rather than carbon steel. Without spraying a dense inner dark layer, including a black region, was formed in the rusts on both carbon and weathering steels subjected to the dripping of NaCl or MgCl2 solution after a test period of 28 days. On the other hand, with spraying the rusts formed were all porous and not dense. The surface potential measured by Kelvin probe showed that the rusts on both steels after 28 days exposure without spraying are more protective than those with spraying.

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Rust Formation Behavior on Carbon and Weathering Steels in Wet/Dry Cycles with and without Na2SO4 Solution Spraying Combining NaCl or MgCl2 Solution Dripping

Corrosion Monitoring of Steel in Moderate Corrosive Environments by Electrochemical Noise Impedance

Motoki Yaginuma, Atsushi Nishikata, Tooru Tsuru

pp. 275-281

Abstract

The corrosion monitoring of carbon steel in moderate corrosive environments was carried out using electrochemical noise impedance. For correct electrode impedance estimation, it was emphasized that data to be analyzed have a good correlations between the potential and current noises both in time and frequency domains. An ordinary three-electrode method, three identical electrodes were used for electrochemical noise measurement in aerated and deaerated 0.5M NaCl solutions. The impedance calculated from the noise data was compared with that measured by an ordinary AC impedance method. The correlation between potential and current noises in the time domain was calculated by the correlation coefficient, and their correlation in the frequency domain was calculated by the coherence function. When both the correlation coefficient and the coherence function were high enough, the impedance at very low frequency obtained by the electrochemical noise agreed well with that obtained by AC measurement. Based on this, the measurement and calculation procedure for corrosion monitoring by electrochemical noise impedance was proposed. The procedure proposed was successfully carried out for continuous monitoring of steel corrosion rate in a moderate corrosive medium.

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Corrosion Monitoring of Steel in Moderate Corrosive Environments by Electrochemical Noise Impedance

Monitoring of the Water Quality of Anaerobic Sea Water Using Large-sized Steel Tank

Daisuke Ito, Shukuji Asakura

pp. 282-287

Abstract

The water quality change under an anaerobic condition was examined in the 30m3 steel tank. Measuring items were the concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO), of total sulfides, of ferrous ion, the number of sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), redox potential (ORP), and pH. The measurement was started from January, and its period was 394 days.
DO decreased to 0ppm in about a half year. At this moment, the SRB started to be detected. Sulfides concentration increased rapidly, reaching 1.38ppm. It fell to 0.03ppm from January to March. The strong correlation was obtained between log. of total sulfides concentration and ORP. The correlation coefficient was -0.88. It was shown that ORP were near to equilibrium redox potentials (S/H2S), (FeS2/FeS, H2S), (S/HS-). The ferrous iron was dissolved through epoxy coating.
It can be expected that these results are useful to elucidate the corrosion mechanism and to develop its protection technology.

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Monitoring of the Water Quality of Anaerobic Sea Water Using Large-sized Steel Tank

Characteristic of Cathodic Current in Tidal Zone of Cathodically Protected Marine Steel Structure in the Ocean

Takao Kitagawa, Akihiro Tamada, Hiroyuki Wakana, Makoto Todorobaru, Shukuji Asakura

pp. 288-294

Abstract

This paper describes results of exposure test by using the test pieces which simulate cathodically protected marine steel structure. The cathodic current density in tidal zone had maximum value according to the reduction of rust formed at the time of low water, when immediately after immersion. The cathodic current density in tidal zone decreased gradually toward high water, and increased gradually after the time of high water. The reason of change in cathodic current density is considered the periodically exposure in the different concentration region of dissolved oxygen by tide.

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Characteristic of Cathodic Current in Tidal Zone of Cathodically Protected Marine Steel Structure in the Ocean

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