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- Vol. 48 (1999), No. 1
Zairyo-to-Kankyo Vol. 48 (1999), No. 1
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Zairyo-to-Kankyo Vol. 48 (1999), No. 1
Adoption of the International Standard ISO 14001 in Steel Makers
Makoto Takasaki, Gen Yoshida
pp. 7-10
Abstract
In 1996 as the International Standard of environmental management system, ISO 14001 was published. In Japan many works have been certified of this standard for a few years. In steel makers 25 works was certified till this August. It is important for steel makers to make up this environmental management system for social environmental assessment in future. We will introduce how to adopt the International Standard ISO 14001 in steel makers and some comments about what to do.
The Relationship of Responsible Care and Environmental Management Systems Standard ISO 14001
Kazuo Kimura
pp. 11-16
Abstract
In the chemical sector, Responsible Care is propelled by the International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA). The objective of Responsible Care is to improve the performance and reputation of the Chemical Industry in areas that impact on people and environment. Sumitomo Chemical is committed to supporting a continuing effort to improve the chemical industry's responsible management of chemicals through the Japan Responsible Care Council program. On the other hand, ISO 14001 had been published on Aug. 1 1996 and have adopted the ISO 14001 as national standards on Oct. 1996. Already 973 companies in Japan, 74 of them in the chemical sector, have been certified to ISO 14001. In this paper, I provides concise commentaries on how Responsible Care and Environmental management systems work in the chemical sector.
The Present Situation and Activities of ISO 14000 series in Heavy Machinery Industries
Yukio Tomisawa
pp. 17-23
Abstract
This paper shows the outline of the present situation and activities of ISO 14000 series, environmental management system in heavy machinery industries. Today, main heavy machinery industries have already certified to ISO 14001 until this summer. The aim of the introduction of ISO 14001 are to establish the system improvement continuously by PDCA, to have essential elements in international trade and to keep up with the risk management. Some example of conducted ISO 14001 in heavy machinery industries are shown. The trend of heavy machinery industries will be able to predict to three key words, internationalization, network and opening information. The new role expected to environmental material engineer are indicated to research and develop ecomaterial by using LCA and to support the recycling, waste treatment and other technical basis of the environmental management system.
The Research and Development of the Valve Seats Material
Tadashi Honda, Katumi Hirano, Hiroyuki Suematu, Kazuhiro Takemoto
pp. 27-33
Abstract
This paper describes the experiments of the sliding tests of the alloys for the large size gate valve seats materials used at high pressure and high temperature. The four grade Plasma Transfer Arc welding powders have been made as laboratory scale and 23 kinds of seat specimens also have been made using these powders. Sliding tests have been done combined with the already existed Ni base hard facing alloy which has 529 to 613 HV hardness as disc specimens in 293K, 473K and 573K pressurized water. The test method simulates the gate valve. It is clarified that the Ni alloy which contains iron about 40% shows the good sliding property, good pressure tightness and also shows the good mechanical properties as the gate valve seats material.
Atmospheric Corrosion Behavior and Estimation Method of Ordinarily Used Stainless Steels
Yutaka Tadokoro, Akihiko Takahashi
pp. 34-40
Abstract
Ordinarily used stainless steels, of which SUS 304 is typical, are used as building materials and fitting metals mainly from a point of corrosion resistance. Atmospheric corrosion behaviors (increase of rust area ratio and growth of pit depth) depend on the climates of building sites, structures and parts of buildings. The purpose of this paper is to investigate correlation between an exposure test and acceleration tests on 11-18% chromium content stainless steels, and suggest an atmospheric corrosion estimation method. On four domestic sites, including Okinawa, changes in SARN (Stainless steel association rating number) and pit depth distribution are investigated. The cyclic corrosion test in which the artificial sea water spray test, the dry test and the humid test are the series, is shown to be applicable to the estimation of change in SARN and maximum pit depth of stainless steels in a beach atmosphere. And the correlation equation and coefficients between exposure tests and the acceleration test are determined.
The Effect of F- in the HNO3 Passivation Treatment for Improving the Pitting Resistance of Type 304 Stainless Steel
Toshio Shibata, Osamu Yamazaki, Shinji Fujimoto
pp. 41-46
Abstract
The passivation treatment on type 304 stainless steel was applied at 313K for 3.6ks in 1.5-6.0kmol·m-3 HNO3 solutions which include 0-5×10-2kmol·m-3 NaF. After the treatment, pitting resistance of the treated steel was evaluated by measuring pitting potential at 313K in 1.0kmol·m-3 NaCl solution with a potential sweep rate of 0.83mV·s-1. The most remarkable improvement of pitting potential was found at the condition of 1.5 or 3.0kmol·m-3 HNO3-5×10-3 kmol·m-3 NaF solutions. The XPS analysis of the passive film revealed that the enrichment of Cr in the passive film and the increase of film thickness, which were responsible to the remarkable improvement in the pitting resistance. The experimental results in the present work suggest that the fluoride ions in the passive film accelerate outward migration of iron in the film and the substrate to the solution, resulting in the enrichment of Cr in the film and the increase of thickness of passive film.
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