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Zairyo-to-Kankyo Vol. 50 (2001), No. 10

ISIJ International
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ONLINE ISSN: 1881-9664
PRINT ISSN: 0917-0480
Publisher: Japan Society of Corrosion Engineering

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Zairyo-to-Kankyo Vol. 50 (2001), No. 10

Measurement of Indoor Air Quality, an Explanation of Recent Issues and Problems

Masahiro Hori

pp. 432-438

Abstract

Measurement methods for evaluation and monitoring of indoor air pollution by formaldehyde (HCHO) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were described. HCHO evaluated with a guideline of 0.08ppm for 30min is usually determined with DNPH/high performance liquid chromatography, and VOCs by porous polymer beads collection/thermal desorption/gas chromatography. The pollutants in indoor air are collected on adsorbents by active sampling with a pump or passive sampling with diffusion. Principle and characteristics of onsite-monitor and simple method such as detector tube and paper respectively were described. The concentration values are affected with ventilation and elapse time after close in sampling. Methods for measurement of emission rate of HCHO and VOCs from building materials with chambers were also described.

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Effect of Temperature on the Pitting of Type 304 Stainless Steel in Bromide and Chloride Solutions Containing Nitrate Ion

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Pitting behavior of type 304 stainless steel has been investigated in LiBr and NaCl solutions containing nitrate ion through measurements of pitting potential (E′pit) as a function of temperature, and pitting temperature (T′pit) as a function of potential. In the absence of nitrate ion, E′pit in NaCl solution became less noble with temperature while E′pit in LiBr solution was less sensitive to temperature. A similar relation was found between T′pit and potential. The inhibitive effect of nitrate ion against pitting was only apparent below 298K in LiBr solution and below 323K in NaCl solution. Above these temperatures, E′pit was not improved significantly by the addition of nitrate. Nitrate ion inhibited pitting effectively when E′pit ranged over ca. 400mV (vs. Ag/AgCl/2mol kg-1 KCl). Actually, T′pit decreased with potential up to ca. 400mV and then turned to increase in NaCl+NaNO3 solution. In LiBr+LiNO3 solution, T′pit decreased with potential up to ca. 600mV and increased slightly above it. It was estimated that LiBr solution became extremely aggressive above ca. 400mV canceling out the inhibitive action of nitrate at nobler potentials.

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