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鉄と鋼 早期公開

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オンライン版ISSN: 1883-2954
冊子版ISSN: 0021-1575
発行機関: The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan

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  1. Vol. 111 (2025)

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鉄と鋼 早期公開

二段階熱間圧延により伸長した旧オーステナイト粒を有する中Mn鋼の組織と靭性に及ぼす二相域焼鈍の影響

松田 恭輔, 増村 拓朗, 土山 聡宏, 高梨 美咲, 前田 拓也, 中村 修一, 植森 龍治

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二段階熱間圧延により伸長した旧オーステナイト粒を有する中Mn鋼の組織と靭性に及ぼす二相域焼鈍の影響

CO–CO2–H2–H2O雰囲気における多成分カルシウムフェライトの被還元性に対する鉱物組成および化学組成の影響

丸岡 大佑, 俣岡 昌嗣郎, 葛西 栄輝, 村上 太一

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CO–CO2–H2–H2O雰囲気における多成分カルシウムフェライトの被還元性に対する鉱物組成および化学組成の影響

STEM-EDSおよび3DAPによる多成分系カルシウムフェライトの還元組織観察

池田 幸平, 佐伯 成駿, 竹原 健太, 友澤 方成, 河野 崇史

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STEM-EDSおよび3DAPによる多成分系カルシウムフェライトの還元組織観察

石灰石傾斜配合造粒における溶融および同化現象に及ぼす鉄鉱石性状の影響

山﨑 慎太郎, 足立 毅郎, 田口 洋行, 大菅 宏児, 古賀 貴智, 燒谷 将大, 宮川 一也

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石灰石傾斜配合造粒における溶融および同化現象に及ぼす鉄鉱石性状の影響

焼結プロセスにおける再点火および粉コークス削減が焼結鉱組織に及ぼす効果

平野 圭祐, 筒井 和政, 高山 透, 松村 勝

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焼結プロセスにおける再点火および粉コークス削減が焼結鉱組織に及ぼす効果

鉄鉱石焼結鉱から抽出した多成分カルシウムフェライトの還元挙動に及ぼす鉱物相割合の影響

丸岡 大佑, 木村 七晟, 葛西 栄輝, 村上 太一

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鉄鉱石焼結鉱から抽出した多成分カルシウムフェライトの還元挙動に及ぼす鉱物相割合の影響

水素富化雰囲気におけるSFCA-Iの還元挙動に及ぼすFe2+/Fe3+比の影響

丸岡 大佑, 大沼 優斗, 葛西 栄輝, 村上 太一

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水素富化雰囲気におけるSFCA-Iの還元挙動に及ぼすFe2+/Fe3+比の影響

REMO-tec(再点火焼結技術)における両点火炉間の風速低減が焼結成品歩留に及ぼす効果

松村 勝, 野田 恵吾, 岡田 康平, 長田 淳治, 樋口 謙一

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REMO-tec(再点火焼結技術)における両点火炉間の風速低減が焼結成品歩留に及ぼす効果

リン濃縮スラグからのリン回収とスラグ量削減プロセス

岩間 崇之, 井上 亮, 中瀬 憲治, 山口 勉功, 植田 滋

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リン濃縮スラグからのリン回収とスラグ量削減プロセス

焼結プロセスにおける層内温度と成分に基づく成品歩留予測

岩見 友司, 堀田 謙弥, 山本 哲也, 齊藤 敬高, 中島 邦彦

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焼結プロセスにおける層内温度と成分に基づく成品歩留予測

極低温用高Mnオーステナイト鋼における機械的特性と破壊の特徴

泉 大地, 植田 圭治, 庄司 博人, 大畑 充, 田川 哲哉

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極低温用高Mnオーステナイト鋼における機械的特性と破壊の特徴

放射光X線マルチモーダル分析による焼結鉱還元過程の微視的プロセスの解明

武市 泰男, 村尾 玲⼦, ⽊村 正雄

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The reducibility and mechanical properties of iron ore sinter in blast furnace is critical to effective plant operation. The reduction reaction of sinters progresses heterogeneously owing to microstructures with various mineral phases and pore networks. The reduction process was investigated by semi-microbeam synchrotron X-ray multimodal analysis. Heterogeneous chemical state evolution of Fe and trigger sites of crack formation were visualized using two-dimensional Fe K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure analysis and were discussed based on reduction gas transfer. The elemental composition map and X-ray diffraction microanalysis were also combined to reveal the microprocesses during the reduction, such as calcium ferrite decomposition and crystal grain growth.

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放射光X線マルチモーダル分析による焼結鉱還元過程の微視的プロセスの解明

ブリッジングに起因する凝固収縮流によって生成するマクロ偏析に及ぼす凝固組織形態の影響

佐々木 心人, 棗 千修

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Casting experiments of Al-10 wt.%Cu alloy were carried out using an impreved Satou mold (iST mold). The mold was a rectangular parallelepiped (inner dimensions 30 mmT × 50 mmW × 140 mmH), with a porous alumina plate on the wide side of the mold and a chill set at a height of 70 to 80 mm from the bottom. Four metal materials (stainless, steel, brass, and copper) with different thermal conductivities were used for the chill. To investigate the effect of bridging on the formation of macrosegregation, X-ray CT analysis of the macrosegregation distribution and morphology, observation of micro- and macro-structures, and analysis of temperature and solid fraction distribution were performed for samples obtained under each condition. Bridging formed near the chill under all conditions, and channels consisting of positive segregation and cavities were formed below it. The volume fraction of positive segregation decreased as the thermal conductivity of the chill material increased. In the samples using stainless and copper as chill materials, the volume fractions of positive segregation were 73.8 % and 11.7 %, respectively. Consequently, we confirmed that the bridging-formed conditions have a significant effect on the formation of macrosegregation.

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ブリッジングに起因する凝固収縮流によって生成するマクロ偏析に及ぼす凝固組織形態の影響

球引き上げおよびダムブレイク実験による高気体体積率フォームの粘度測定

杉 真弥, 樋口 善彦

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Viscosity measurements of a gas-liquid two-phase fluid (foam) with fine bubbles were conducted using a sphere pull-up method and the flow behavior in dam-break experiments was evaluated. The following results were obtained.

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球引き上げおよびダムブレイク実験による高気体体積率フォームの粘度測定

リチウムイオン電池電解液におけるNiめっき鋼板の耐食性

政次 美咲, 山中 晋太郎, 高橋 武寛, 石塚 清和

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In order to improve both performance and safety of lithium-ion batteries, we investigated the use of steel sheets which have a higher melting point than aluminum currently used for cell cases of lithium-ion batteries, for cell cases. First, a coating metal that can suppress Fe dissolution was selected, because corrosion resistance to battery electrolyte is important for battery cell cases. We found that Ni has high corrosion resistance to battery electrolyte, and that Ni-coated steel sheets can reduce the risk of short circuits due to decrease in Fe dissolution and re-deposition compared to non-coated steel sheets.

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リチウムイオン電池電解液におけるNiめっき鋼板の耐食性

Fe-15Mn-10Cr-8Ni-4Si制振ダンパー合金の摩擦攪拌接合

柳樂 知也, 中村 照美, 澤口 孝宏, 森 正和, 森貞 好昭, 藤井 英俊

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Friction stir welding (FSW) was applied to a 10 mm-thick plate for the Fe-15Mn-10Cr-8Ni-4Si seismic damping alloy. A sound FSW joint was obtained successfully without macro-defects such as groove-like defects and tunnel holes. However, small pores with diameters of 1–5 μm were formed owing to the wear of the FSW tool during the FSW. The decrease in the heat input suppressed the tool wear. Consequently, the distribution of small pores was limited to the border of the stir zone at the advancing side under smaller heat input conditions. The stir zone of the FSW specimen produced at 125 rpm showed a higher tensile strength of 759 MPa owing to the grain refinement and the high elongation of 50% compared with the base metal. In addition, the stir zone exhibited a remarkable fatigue life of 9,723 cycles. This was higher than that of the base metal (8,908 cycles). Grain refinement occurred by discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX) via high-angle boundary bulging and direct nucleation in the high-dislocation area. The increase in the heat input suppressed the DDRX owing to the promotion of dynamic recovery.

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Fe-15Mn-10Cr-8Ni-4Si制振ダンパー合金の摩擦攪拌接合

固相窒素吸収法により窒素を導入した9Cr-1Mo-V-Nb鋼のクリープ中の組織変化 ―機械学習によるSTEM-EDSマップの多次元散布図解析―

畠山 友孝, 井田 駿太郎, 澤田 浩太, 吉見 享祐

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Creep deformation and precipitation behavior of 9Cr-1Mo-V-Nb steel with excess nitrogen introduced by solution nitriding were investigated. Precipitation of Cr2N phase was confirmed in addition to M23C6 and MX phases in the tempered microstructure. The creep strength of the steel was significantly reduced by solution nitriding, while the creep rupture elongation was increased. To characterize the complex precipitation behavior of the nitrogen-added steel, a machine learning-based clustering method of the multidimensional scatter diagram of the X-ray intensity of the alloying elements in each pixel of a STEM-EDS map was developed. Reduced number density of precipitates and enhanced coarsening kinetics of both Cr2N and MX were proposed as the mechanism of weakening caused by excess nitrogen.

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固相窒素吸収法により窒素を導入した9Cr-1Mo-V-Nb鋼のクリープ中の組織変化 ―機械学習によるSTEM-EDSマップの多次元散布図解析―

ラスマルテンサイト組織を有するFe-5%Mn-C合金のオースフォーミングに伴う転位密度の変化

高梨 美咲, 日高 僚太, 大久保 亘太, 増村 拓朗, 土山 聡宏, 諸岡 聡, 前田 拓也, 中村 修一, 植森 龍治

抄録

The strengthening mechanism of ausforming in martensitic steels is believed to be due to the inheritance of dislocations in austenite by the subsequently transformed martensite. However, no studies to date have quantified the dislocation density before and after ausforming. In this study, the dislocation densities of Fe-5%Mn-C alloys were analyzed, and the relationship between hardening by ausforming and dislocation accumulation, as well as the effect of carbon on this relationship, were investigated. The hardness of ausformed martensite increased with the ausforming reduction in austenite, and the strengthening effect of ausforming increased with the addition of carbon. Similarly, the dislocation density of ausformed martensite increased with the ausforming reduction in austenite, and the dislocation accumulation by ausforming increased with the addition of carbon. Because the hardness of the ausformed martensite follows the Bailey–Hirsch relationship, the strengthening mechanism owing to ausforming could be explained by dislocation strengthening. To understand the dislocation accumulation process during ausforming, the dislocation density of austenite immediately after ausforming was measured by in-situ heating neutron diffraction. Consequently, the dislocation density of the ausformed austenite was not dependent on the carbon content, indicating that dislocations are not inherited in carbon-free steels. By contrast, in steels with sufficient carbon content, not only are dislocations inherited but additional dislocations are introduced during martensitic transformation.

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ラスマルテンサイト組織を有するFe-5%Mn-C合金のオースフォーミングに伴う転位密度の変化

走査透過電子顕微鏡による多成分カルシウムフェライトにおける原子配列の直接観察

竹原 健太, 池田 幸平, 河野 崇史, 樋口 隆英

抄録

To reduce the reducing agent ratio and CO2 emissions in blast furnace operation, it is important to control the material structure of sintered ore, which affects its metallurgical and mechanical properties. Multicomponent calcium ferrites (also called CF or SFCA (silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum)), which is a type of melting and solidification structure, has attracted considerable interest recently, and the chemical composition and crystal structure of each CF have been researched. Although the crystal structure of CF has conventionally been analyzed mainly by XRD, the atomic arrangement could not be observed directly. Therefore, in this study, CF was investigated at the atomic level by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). This research revealed that acicular CF, which was previously understood to be SFCA-I, has a SFCA (≠ SFCA-I)structure. It was also found that columnar CF had a non-periodic SFCA structure induced with a magnetite-like structure. Furthermore, a CF in which SFCA and SFCA-I were alternately stacked repeatedly was also discovered. This research clarified the fact that CF has a non-periodic structure at the atomic level.

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走査透過電子顕微鏡による多成分カルシウムフェライトにおける原子配列の直接観察

大気中1240°CにおけるCaO-SiO2-Fe2O3系の高Fe2O3濃度側相平衡関係に及ぼすアルミナの影響

高橋 あまね, 内沢 幸宏, 佐藤 博一, 渡邊 玄, 遠藤 理恵, 須佐 匡裕, 林 幸

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The effect of Al2O3 on the compositional region of silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum (SFCA) and the liquid phase and the phase equilibria, including SFCA, was investigated in a CaO-SiO2-Fe2O3-5mass%Al2O3 system at 1240 °C in air. To obtain the desired composition, reagent-grade CaCO3, SiO2, Fe2O3, and Al2O3 powders were weighed, mixed, and equilibrated at 1240 °C in air. Each obtained sample was divided into two parts: one was pulverized into a powder and analyzed by XRD, and the other was subjected to microstructural observation and compositional analysis using EPMA. The results revealed that the compositional region of SFCA lies on the CF3-CA3-C4S3 plane and is C/S = 2.77–7.60 for 5 mass% Al2O3. Compared with the SFC composition region for 0 mass% Al2O3, the compositional range of SFCA extended in the CF3-C4S3 direction, suggesting that the addition of Al2O3 contributes to the stability of SFCA. Furthermore, the liquid-phase region was divided into a ferrite melt with a high Fe2O3 concentration and a silicate melt with a high SiO2 concentration, both of which shifted to the lower Fe2O3 side compared to the liquidus isotherm in the CaO-SiO2-Fe2O3 system. Unlike CaO-SiO2-Fe2O3, SFCA-I (SFC-I) was observed in the CaO-SiO2-Fe2O3-5mass%Al2O3 system, thus indicating that the addition of Al2O3 contributes to the stability of SFCA-I.

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大気中1240°CにおけるCaO-SiO2-Fe2O3系の高Fe2O3濃度側相平衡関係に及ぼすアルミナの影響

Brechet-Louchet モデルに基づいた劈開破壊および粒界破壊応力式

兵頭 克敏, 野中 洋亮, 伊藤 一真, 滑川 哲也

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New fracture process model of cleavage fracture initiated from cementite crack was proposed. In addition, the equation of propagation of cementite crack into the ferrite grain was developed based on the Brechet-Louchet model. This equation can reproduce not only ferrite size dependence of cleavage fracture stress that the Petch model can reproduce but both of test temperature dependence and strain rate dependence of fracture stress. Furthermore, in exchanging surface energy for grain boundary cohesive energy in the equation, grain boundary fracture stress can be also estimated.

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Brechet-Louchet モデルに基づいた劈開破壊および粒界破壊応力式

積層造形したスーパーインバー合金の相安定性と熱膨張特性

Senlin CAI, 永島 涼太, Yaw Wang CHAI, 坂口 直輝, 中田 伸生

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Super invar alloy, Fe–32%Ni–5%Co, is widely utilized in precision instruments due to its remarkably low thermal expansion coefficient. Additive manufacturing holds promise for fabricating complex-shaped components with this alloy. This study investigated the phase stability and thermal expansion properties of super invar alloy fabricated via Laser Powder Bed Fusion (AM sample), comparing them to those of conventionally cast material (Re-melt sample). Microstructural analysis indicates that the AM sample has a more stable austenitic structure, attributed to minimal micro-segregation. Furthermore, it was observed that the thermal expansion coefficient decreases consistently with higher cooling rates within the temperature range of 400-300 K. As a result, AM sample exhibits lower expansion coefficient and it maintains at lower temperatures.

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積層造形したスーパーインバー合金の相安定性と熱膨張特性

焼結層上層における炭素燃焼効率向上を介した再点火法の焼結歩留改善

松村 勝, 小杉 亮太, 山本 雄一郎, 長田 淳治, 樋口 謙一

抄録

Conventionally, it has been known that the product yield of the upper part of the sintering layer is extremely low, because of the heat loss caused by transferring heat toward the space above sintering layer, and of the large amount of unburned carbon in upper sintering layer.

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焼結層上層における炭素燃焼効率向上を介した再点火法の焼結歩留改善

自動車衝突時の破断抑制および吸収エネルギー向上のための高張力鋼板の必要特性および組織因子

小峯 慎介, 中垣内 達也, 金子 真次郎, 田路 勇樹, 堺谷 智宏, 佐藤 健太郎

抄録

A fundamental study on the axial crush performances of HSS (High Strength Steel) was carried out to clarify the effects of microstructure and mechanical properties on crashworthiness. Axial crush tests were performed to evaluate the crush performances of the HSS with different microstructures and mechanical properties and identify the fracture origins. The cracks in the press formed area were observed and the cracks led to the fractures. The high λ (Hole expansion ratio) steel showed excellent crush performances by crack suppression. Crash deformation in the press formed area was simulated by the ORB (Orthogonally Reverse Bending) fracture tests and the crack suppression factors were investigated. Through the ORB fracture test, it was clarified that the reduction of the hardness gaps between phases and the refinement of the hard phases (Fresh martensite) were effective for suppressing cracks in the press formed area. These microstructures were occurred by the Q&P (Quenching & Partitioning) process for increasing λ. Therefore, it was found that the microstructural design for increasing λ also contributed to excellent crush performances.

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自動車衝突時の破断抑制および吸収エネルギー向上のための高張力鋼板の必要特性および組織因子

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