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鉄と鋼
Vol. 61 (1975), No. 13

鉄と鋼 Vol. 61 (1975), No. 13

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オンライン版ISSN:	1883-2954
冊子版ISSN:	0021-1575
発行機関:	The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan

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キーワードランキング

21 Dec. (Last 30 Days)

鉄と鋼 Vol. 61 (1975), No. 13

随想

中山忠行

pp. 2773-2774

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A Study of the Reduction of NO_x in the Waste Gas from Sinter Plant

Gyoichi SUZUKI, Ryo ANDO, Hideyuki YOSHIKOSHI, Yojiro YAMAOKA, Seishiro NAGAOKA

pp. 2775-2783

抄録

The thermal NO_x formed in sintering process has been calculated by a simulation model. The result shows that the amount of thermal NO_x in waste gas was about 1/1000 of which from the actual sintering process. To assure of this result experimentally, the sintering test has been carried out exchanging the portion of nitrogen in air to argon, and it was confirmed that NO_x in waste gas originated mainly from the nitrogen in coke. It was also proved that the nitrogen in ore was converted to NO_x, however, the proportion of it was about 10% on total nitrogen in sinter mixture, so that the denitration of coke are necessary for the reduction of NO_x from sinter plant.
For the purpose of denitration of coke, the high temperature reheating of coke was available and the ratio of denitration was increased with rising temperature. For example, the nitrogen in coke decreased from 0.9% to about 0.2% by a reheating at 1800°C for l hr. With sintering test using this low nitrogen coke, the amount of NO_x formed could be diminished to about 30%.

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On Equipments and Operation of Continuous Annealing and Processing Line “CAPL” for Manufacturing Cold Rolled Steel Sheets

鉄と鋼 Vol.61(1975), No.13

英文目次

日本エネルギー学会誌 Vol.99(2020), No.2

Application of Modified Coke to NO_x Reduction with Recycling Flue Gas during Iron Ore Sintering Process

ISIJ International Vol.48(2008), No.11

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Equilibrium between Cerium and Sulphur in Liquid Iron

Akio EJIMA, Ken-ichiro SUZUKI, Nobuo HARADA, Koji SANBONGI

pp. 2784-2793

抄録

Cerium-sulfur equilibrium was studiel by melting Fe-S, Fe-C-S, or Fe-Mn-S alloys in high frequency furnace with subsequent addition of cerium under deoxidized argon. The possible reaction between Ce and crucible material was prevented by lining and sintering of CeS powder (3 mm thickness) on alumina crucible in which the melts were contained. Care was also taken to keep total oxygen in the melt to be less than 10 ppm by adding 0.1% aluminum prior to the addition of Ce.
The results obtained are:
1) Precipitates identified as CeS by EPMA indicate that the equilibrium is expressed by CeS (S) =Ce+S.
2) Equilibrium constant, K=a_cϑ·a_S (a: Henrian activity), and interaction coefficients involved are determined to be
log K=-20600/T+6.39
e (^C_e) _S=-13.6 (1823°K), -9.1 (1873°K), -7.5 (1923°K)
for T=1823-1923°K and [%Ce] +4.37 [%S] ≤0.16, and
e (^C) _Ce=-0.077,
e (^Mn) _Ce=0.13
at 1873°K.
3) Standard free energy of solution, ΔG⁰, for Ce (1) =Ce is derived as
ΔG^O=-4900-16.0T
Disagreement among the data previously reported for the solubility product, K′ = [%Ce] [%S], is interpretable by taking the given dependence of K′ on [%Ce] and [%S] into account.

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特殊精錬

鉄と鋼 Vol.60(1974), No.11

The Influence of Kind of Deoxidizer on Rimming Action

鉄と鋼 Vol.61(1975), No.6

凝固

鉄と鋼 Vol.61(1975), No.4

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Relation between the Transport or Friction Coefficients of Elementary Ions and the Interdiffusion Coefficients of Neutral Oxide Components in Multicomponent Slags

Kazuhiro GOTO, Hermann SCHMALZRIED, Kazuhiro NAGATA

pp. 2794-2804

抄録

Molten slag oxides are considered to be dissociated into single ions and/or ionic polymers. In multicomponent systems, linear relations between the fluxes of the ionic species and their electrochemical potential gradients have been introduced for isothermic and isobaric conditions. Relations among transport (and friction) coefficients of ions and the diffusion coefficient matrix of neutral component oxides have been obtained by using the conditions of the electroneutrality and local thermodynamic equilibrium in the slag. All transport (or friction) coefficients can in principle be experimentally determined regardless of the number of components in the slag. The practical aspects of the derived equations have been discussed with respect to 1) transport coefficients and their relation to tracer diffusion coefficients, 2) the interdiffusion coefficient and its relation to tracer diffusion coefficients in quasibinary slags, with some numerical examples, and 3) an approximate treatment given for the rate of diffusional relaxation processes in multicomponent systems for very short and for very long times. Also, rate equations have been derived for the oxidation of a metal by an oxidizing gas, when the metal is contained in a metal bath covered with a multicomponent slag layer. This equation can be compared with Wagner's equation for the oxidation of pure metals.

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Deoxidation Control in Continuously Cast Steel Slabs for ERW Pipe Use

Ken-ichiro SUZUKI, Akio EJIMA, Hideo NAKAMURA, Taisuke MORI, Yuji MISHIRO, Yoshiharu IIDA

pp. 2805-2818

抄録

Deoxidation control to minimize the amount of large inclusions in continuously cast steel slabs for ERW pipe use has been investigated in commercial heats.
The results obtained are summarized as follows:
1) Care must be taken to deoxidize molten steel with Al at tapping, followed by stirring of molten steel by RH degasser within 20 min, and to control Al content in molten steel in tundish less than 0.005%.
2) The box type alumina graphite immersion nozzle is observed to be superior in refractory erosion with molten steel and in penetration depth of inclusion into crater to the inverse Y type fused silica nozzle.
3) Investigations on the formation of large inclusions which cause the defect of ERW pipe, reveal that entrapment of slag and/or flux into steel and enlargement in size by the reaction between FeO, MnO, SiO₂ in trapped particles and Al, increase progressively with Al content in molten steel.

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特殊精錬

鉄と鋼 Vol.60(1974), No.11

Equilibrium between Cerium and Sulphur in Liquid Iron

鉄と鋼 Vol.61(1975), No.13

凝固

鉄と鋼 Vol.61(1975), No.4

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The Effect of Molybdenum and Heat Treatments on Creep Properties of 15Cr-14Ni Heat Resisting Steels

Takemi YAMADA, Toshio FUJITA

pp. 2819-2828

抄録

The effects of molybdenum and heat treatments on the creep properties and micro-structures of 0.15C-15Cr-14Ni heat resisting steels have been studied. The relationships between creep properties and several structural factors and discussed. The results are as follows:
The creep rupture strength and creep strength increase with the molybdenum content. Below 1% molybdenum, the creep rupture strength decreases with increasing solution temperature, but over this content it has a maximum at the solution temperature of 1 150°C. It is found that the increment of the creep rupture strength due to molybdenum addition is proportional to the product of { (%C) _sol} ^0.5× { (%Mo) _sol} ^0.5× (n_I) ^0.5× (D_r) ^0.5, where (%C) _sol and (%Mo) _sol are the contents of carbon and molybdenum in austenite matrix, respectively; n_I is the distribution density of undissolved carbides and D_r is the mean austenite grain diameter after solution treatment. This is explained by the combination of the following factors; the solid-solution hardening by carbon and molybdenum, the dispersion strengthening by undissolved and precipitated carbides, and the effect of the grain size. Massive, cubic and ribbon-like M₂₃C₆ and rod-like M₆C were observed in the creep ruptured specimens of these steels.

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Effects of Small Amount of Vanadium and Niobium on Microstructure and Creep Rupture Strength of 12 Percent Chromium Heat Resisting Steel

Norio TAKAHASHI, Toshio FUJITA

pp. 2829-2838

抄録

Effects of small addition of vanadium and niobium were investigated in order to improve the creep rupture strength of 12% Cr heat resisting steel. The results are as follows.
1) The creep rupture strength of 12% Cr heat resisting steel is increased by the addition of small amounts of vanadium and niobium. Additions of vanadium and niobium result in precipitation hardening. Especially, in the case of combined addition of vanadium and niobium, the creep rupture strength is higher than that in the case of individual addition of vanadium or niobium. In the case of individual addition, the creep rupture strength of steel containing niobium is higher than that of steel containing vanadium up to 600°C.
2) It is observed in an electron microscope that coalescence of precipitated carbide particles are retarded by additions of vanadium and niobium to the steel.

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The Effect of Mn, Cr, and Ni Additions on the Structure, Strength, and Toughness of Tempered Martensite and Bainite in Low C Steels

Akio KAMADA, Noriaki KOSHIZUKA, Tokushi FUNAKOSHI

pp. 2839-2851

抄録

The effect of alloying elements on the structure and the strength-toughness relationship of tempered martensite and bainite have been studied in 0.15%C-0.5%Mo and 0.3%C-0.5%Mo steels by the addition of 1.5-2.5% to Mn, Cr, and Ni.
Differences in the substructure and the strength-toughness relationship are not large in the tempered martensite when the alloying element is changed. The difference, however, becomes remarkable in the bainite with the increase of the formation temperature, especially in the lower C steels. The results of the comparison among these alloying elements made on the bainite formed at higher ltemperatures can be summarized as follows. The bainite in Ni steels shows the coarsest structure with the coarsest particles of carbide. The bainite in Mn steels is similar to that in Ni steels. The structure of the bainite in Cr steels is the finest and quite different from those in the other steels. As for the toughness of bainite, Ni steels show the best followed by Mn steels, and Cr steel the worst. The size of unit fracture facet of these bainite is almost the same. The hardness of the bainite is rather dependent on the formation temperature than the alloying element.
It is concluded from these results that the intrinsic toughness affected by the alloying element plays more important role in these transformation products formed at higher temperatures than the factors such as the size of unit fracture facet and carbides which have been considered to be important if the alloying element is the same.

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Application of Cold Nitric Acid and Cold Nitric Acid-Alcohol Methods to Analysis of Nonmetallic Inclusions in Steel

Kazuo KAWAMURA, Siro WATANABE, Masahiro YAMADA

pp. 2852-2862

抄録

An investigation has been made on application of the cold HNO₃ and cold HNO₃-alcohol methods to analysis of nonmetallic inclusions in steels.
The results obtained are summarized as follows:
(1) The changes of natural potential and temperature of the cold HNO₃ solution through the reaction with iron depend on the concentration of the cold HNO₃.
According to the behavior of reaction with iron, the cold HNO₃ medium may be divided into 3 ranges, namely the high concentration range of (4+1) - (1+1) at-15°--5°C, the medium concentration range of (1+3) - (1+7) at-5°-0°C, and the low concentration range of (1+9) - (1+50) at 0°-5°C.
(2) The medium concentration range is most suitable for decomposition of Fe₃C, and the analytical condition of 200 ml (-5°C) of HNO₃ (1+7) has been confirmed to be most recommendable for analysis of nonmetallic inclusions in killed steels (sample taken 1g).
(3) As compared with the cold HNO₃-H₂O system, the cold HNO₃-alcohol system has some different aspects; the natural potential and the dissolving rate for iron are rather lower, but the low concentration range of the system can be applied even below 0°C without freezing.

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On Equipments and Operation of Continuous Annealing and Processing Line “CAPL” for Manufacturing Cold Rolled Steel Sheets

Kenzo TODA, Toshio HARADA, Narumi ANDO, Koji OZAKI, Ryoseki KATSUTANI, Teruhiko NISHIMURA, Matsuo USUDA

pp. 2863-2876

抄録

Cold rolled steel strips with deep drawing quality are manufactured economically by the CAPL (Continuous Annealing and Processing Line) after cold rolling. CAPL combines 5 conventional processes of electrolytic cleaning, annealing, cooling, temper rolling and recoiling with inspection into one line. Materials most suited for the purpose are low manganese steels (Mn≤0.25%) with K values of 0-0.15, which are coiled at 670°C or above after hot rolling. The K value is defined as follows:
(for capped and rimmed steels) K=Mn (%) -55/32. S (%) -55/16. O (%)
(for killed steels) K=Mn (%) -55/32. S (%)
These steels are cold rolled to the final thickness and then passed through the CAPL. The heat cycle of the CAPL furnace section consists of one-minute annealing, cooling to over-aging temperature at the rate of 5° to 30°C per second and over-aging at 350° to 450°C for a few minutes. The radius of the overaging chamber hearth roll has to satisfy the following relation;
d/R=2.02×10^-3-1.05×10^-3-log (t+1)
where d: strip thickness (mm), R: radius of hearth roll (mm), t: time during which bending stress occurs (min). The built-in temper mill of CAPL has a new type of work roll changing device which enables the replacement of work rolls in 2 min without the strip having to be cut. With other new devices such as direct strip temperature detector, or strip steering device, it has become possible to combine the above 5 processes organically into one single line to reduce man-power, investment cost, energy consumption and yield loss drastically.

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英文目次

日本エネルギー学会誌 Vol.99(2020), No.2

A Study of the Reduction of NO_x in the Waste Gas from Sinter Plant

鉄と鋼 Vol.61(1975), No.13

第66回材料と環境討論会

材料と環境 Vol.68(2019), No.9

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Ideal Status of Advancement and Reality of Promising Iron and Steel

Kokichi SANO

pp. 2877-2881

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Progress of Iron and Steelmaking Technology and Modernization of Integrated Works in Japan

Ryuma HIRATA

pp. 2882-2891

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Activity of Nitrogen in Austenitic Steels

Makoto KIKUCHI, Ryohei TANAKA

pp. 2892-2903

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抄録

宮崎孝雄, 西尾浩明, 山村稔, 郡司好喜, 村上勝彦, 志村一輝, 藤井哲雄, 池田清一, 松島志延, 菊池実, 武田修一

pp. 2904-2908

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論文アクセスランキング

21 Dec. (Last 30 Days)

Wettability of CaS against molten iron at 1873 K

ISIJ International 早期公開
凝固過程における溶鋼中からAl₂O₃上へのMnSの晶出挙動

鉄と鋼早期公開
Reduction and Melting Behaviors of Iron Oxide Composite with Carbon Deposited Using CO-CO₂-H₂ Mixed Gas

ISIJ International 早期公開
In-situ Observation of Precipitation and Growth of MnS Inclusions during Solidification of a High Sulfur Steel

ISIJ International Vol.64(2024), No.14
Perspectives on the Promising Pathways to Zero Carbon Emissions in the Steel Industry toward 2050

ISIJ International 早期公開
モデル材料を用いた凝固過程における介在物生成挙動のその場観察

鉄と鋼早期公開
Transition behavior of gas containing suspension from solid-like to liquid-like flows

ISIJ International 早期公開
A hot rolling full process rolling force prediction method based on transfer learning and Inception-LSTM neural network

ISIJ International 早期公開
Slag-steel reactions in the refining of Advanced High-Strength Steel

ISIJ International 早期公開
Chemical and Mechanical Factors on Phosphorus Dissolution Behavior from P-concentrated Slag

ISIJ International Vol.64(2024), No.14

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鉄と鋼 Vol. 61 (1975), No. 13

キーワードランキング

hydrogen reduction of iron ore

gasification

characterization of coal and biomass based on kinetic parameter distributions for pyrolysis

kinetics of decarburization of liquid iron with high concentration ofcarbon

mechanisms of liquefaction and pyrolysis reaction of biomass

hydrogen reduction

steel

19al6mg

automotive wheel

deguchi

鉄と鋼 Vol. 61 (1975), No. 13

随想

SNSによる共有

A Study of the Reduction of NOx in the Waste Gas from Sinter Plant

SNSによる共有

Equilibrium between Cerium and Sulphur in Liquid Iron

SNSによる共有

Relation between the Transport or Friction Coefficients of Elementary Ions and the Interdiffusion Coefficients of Neutral Oxide Components in Multicomponent Slags

SNSによる共有

Deoxidation Control in Continuously Cast Steel Slabs for ERW Pipe Use

SNSによる共有

The Effect of Molybdenum and Heat Treatments on Creep Properties of 15Cr-14Ni Heat Resisting Steels

SNSによる共有

Effects of Small Amount of Vanadium and Niobium on Microstructure and Creep Rupture Strength of 12 Percent Chromium Heat Resisting Steel

SNSによる共有

The Effect of Mn, Cr, and Ni Additions on the Structure, Strength, and Toughness of Tempered Martensite and Bainite in Low C Steels

SNSによる共有

Application of Cold Nitric Acid and Cold Nitric Acid-Alcohol Methods to Analysis of Nonmetallic Inclusions in Steel

SNSによる共有

On Equipments and Operation of Continuous Annealing and Processing Line “CAPL” for Manufacturing Cold Rolled Steel Sheets

SNSによる共有

Ideal Status of Advancement and Reality of Promising Iron and Steel

SNSによる共有

Progress of Iron and Steelmaking Technology and Modernization of Integrated Works in Japan

SNSによる共有

Activity of Nitrogen in Austenitic Steels

SNSによる共有

抄録

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論文アクセスランキング

Wettability of CaS against molten iron at 1873 K

凝固過程における溶鋼中からAl2O3上へのMnSの晶出挙動

Reduction and Melting Behaviors of Iron Oxide Composite with Carbon Deposited Using CO-CO2-H2 Mixed Gas

In-situ Observation of Precipitation and Growth of MnS Inclusions during Solidification of a High Sulfur Steel

Perspectives on the Promising Pathways to Zero Carbon Emissions in the Steel Industry toward 2050

モデル材料を用いた凝固過程における介在物生成挙動のその場観察

Transition behavior of gas containing suspension from solid-like to liquid-like flows

A hot rolling full process rolling force prediction method based on transfer learning and Inception-LSTM neural network

Slag-steel reactions in the refining of Advanced High-Strength Steel

Chemical and Mechanical Factors on Phosphorus Dissolution Behavior from P-concentrated Slag

詳細検索

A Study of the Reduction of NO_x in the Waste Gas from Sinter Plant

凝固過程における溶鋼中からAl₂O₃上へのMnSの晶出挙動

Reduction and Melting Behaviors of Iron Oxide Composite with Carbon Deposited Using CO-CO₂-H₂ Mixed Gas