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QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN WELDING SOCIETY
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PRINT ISSN: 0288-4771

QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN WELDING SOCIETY Vol. 36 (2018), No. 3

  • Investigations for Lowering Pulse Energy of Laser-peening for Improving Fatigue Strength

    Yoshihiro SAKINO, Yuji SANO

    pp. 153-159

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    DOI:10.2207/qjjws.36.153

    Abstract

    Laser peening can introduce compressive residual stress on the surface of various materials and, therefore, is effective in enhancing the fatigue strength. This study clarifies whether the laser peening with lower pulse energy comparing to the preceding studies generates compressive residual stress, and whether such stress would account for prolonged fatigue life in the welded zone of high-strength steel HT780. As a result, laser peening condition, which can generate large compressive residual stress on the base metal surface, were selected under the pulse energy of 6, 10 and 20mJ, respectively. With the reduction of the pulse energy, it was observed that the depth of the compressive residual stress tended to decrease. Fatigue lives of the toe of the butt welded joints pretreated by laser peening with the selected conditions were prolonged to the same level of fatigue lives with the pulse energy of 200mJ.

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  • Mechanical properties of tailor welded Al/Steel blanks made by friction stir welding and the effect of post heat treatment

    Daisuke OGAWA, Toshifumi KAKIUCHI, Keigo HASHIBA, Yoshihiko UEMATSU

    pp. 160-166

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    DOI:10.2207/qjjws.36.160

    Abstract

    Aluminum (Al) alloy, A6061-T6, plate and stainless steel, SUS304, plate with different thicknesses were butt welded by a friction stir welding (FSW) process to fabricate tailored blanks. The Al plate was thicker than the steel plate. The FSW tool was offset to the Al side and the probe was inserted only into the Al plate. The shoulder of the tool was also plunged only into the Al plate because of the different thicknesses of the plates. The microstructural observation and X-ray CT revealed that small steel fragments were dispersed in Al-side stir zone (SZ) due to the scratching of steel side surface by the probe. The hardness of SZ in Al side was lower than the base metal due to the dissolution of hardening precipitates during welding, where the lowest hardness located near the thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) in Al side. The tensile failure occurred at TMAZ because of the bonding strength between Al and steel was higher than TMAZ. However, the tensile strength of the dissimilar weld was approximately 38% lower than that of the aluminum alloy base metal due to the softening at TMAZ. Post heat treatment increased the hardness at TMAZ, whilst the tensile strength was still about 33% lower than the base metal.

  • Distribution and reduction in P concentration of submerged arc welding slag

    Kazuhiro KOJIMA, Masanori SUZUKI, Toshihiro TANAKA

    pp. 167-174

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    DOI:10.2207/qjjws.36.167

    Abstract

    Submerged arc welding (SAW) is widely used in the fields such as ship buildings and steel pipe production. Recently reuse of SAW slag as a raw material of SAW flux has been discussed, as a measure to reduce costs and to conserve natural resources. The present study investigated distribution of P in the slag and its major origin (i.e., welding wire or base metal plate). It also proposed slag remelting as a method of P concentration reduction of the slag. It was recognized that P was mainly distributed in the matrix and metallic steel particles with only larger diameters. It was also identified that the base metal plate was the main source of P in the slag. Remelting of the slag was proved as a promising method for P concentration reduction of the slag.

  • Critical Hardness of Hydrogen Stress Cracking for Circumferential Weld Joint of Buried Pipeline

    Masaki MITSUYA, Kazuki ISSHIKI, Noritake OGUCHI, Hiroyuki INOUE

    pp. 175-184

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    DOI:10.2207/qjjws.36.175

    Abstract

    If the coating of the outer surface of a buried pipeline is damaged by some cause and its cathodic protection is excessive, an electrochemical reaction can produce hydrogen. In order to maintain the load transfer function of a pipeline circumferential weld joint in a hydrogen environment as well, the critical hardness at which a constant strength level is ensured during tensile load was clarified by Slow Strain Rate Testing (SSRT). In cases where the hardness was greater than 320HV, the maximum tensile stress was seen to fall sharply in the hydrogen environment, while in cases where hardness was 320HV or lower, the maximum tensile stress fell approximately only 10% regardless of the welding method. The maximum tensile stress fell sharply when the major material of the pipe was material with a relatively hard structure called lath martensite or bainite. The contribution of upper bainite to the fall of the maximum tensile stress was about 1/3.5 of that of lath martensite. From the results of measurement by EBSD, the greater the material's local misorientation, which is a value corresponding to dislocation density, the more conspicuous the fall of the maximum tensile stress under the impact of the hydrogen. It is assumed that the dislocation that exists in steel is an important cause of hydrogen embrittlement, so the empirical tendency-the harder the material, the higher its hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility-has been revealed to be caused by the fact that the harder the material, the greater its internal dislocation. Judging from the above results, if the hardness is 320HV or lower, a constant strength level is maintained under a hydrogen environment regardless of the welding method or the metallic structure.

  • Relationship between anisotropy of extruded Mg-Zn-Y alloy and ultrasonic spot weldability

    Yuta HOSHI, Chihiro IWAMOTO, Yuichi HIGASHI

    pp. 185-192

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    DOI:10.2207/qjjws.36.185

    Abstract

    Two types of plates, which was cut parallel to the extrusion direction (0°specimen) and perpendicular to the extrusion direction (90°specimen), were prepared for ultrasonic spot welding. After welding, the tensile strength and microstructure of the joints were investigated. For the joints of 0°specimens, the strength was high and the dispersion of its strength was small. In contrast, the joints of 90°specimens were remarkably unstable in strength. To promote the plastic flow at the interface, we put a Mg film as an insert metal between the Mg-Zn-Y plates. After welding of the joints of 90°specimens with the insert metal, we found that the joins were stable in strength. It was revealed that, during the welding, the temperature of the joints with the insert metal was increased compered to the joints without the insert metal.

  • Numerical Study on Effect of FSW Tool Shape on Material Flow

    Kenta MITSUFUJI, Fumikazu MIYASAKA

    pp. 193-198

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    DOI:10.2207/qjjws.36.193

    Abstract

    The friction stir welding (FSW) is well known as the solid-state joining. Metal materials are not melted during FSW. This paper describes a novel numerical model and calculation method for visualization of material flow during FSW process on A1100 plates. In this numerical model, the particle method as Lagrange approach is mainly employed. In this paper, the numerical model is applied to two FSW processes, and tool's shape change are taken into account. The difference of the material flow around the tool is discussed.

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  • Sheet gap control by laser preheating before laser welding on lap joint of galvannealed steel sheets and its effect on weldability

    Tadashi KADO, Masami OHKAWA, Kenji SHINOZAKI, Motomichi YAMAMOTO

    pp. 199-205

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    DOI:10.2207/qjjws.36.199

    Abstract

    Recently, remote laser welding has come to be used in the automobile manufacture. However, it is well known that welding defects are created depending on the gap amount during laser lap welding of galvannealed/galvanized steel sheets. Pits and blowholes occurr due to vaporization of galvannealed/galvanized coating in the case of a zero or small sheet gap, while burn-through of the upper sheet of the lap joint occurrs in the case of the large gap. In this paper, the sheet gap control process by laser preheating was investigated to avoid defect creations for both cases of the small and large gap during laser welding on the lap joint of galvannealed steel sheets. As a result, it was found that this process could control the gap between steel sheets and improve laser lap weldability of galvannealed steel sheets in both cases of the small and large gap.

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  • Application of hummer peening on base metal to high-strength steel

    Yoshihiro SAKINO, Yasuyuki KURIHARA, Seiichiro TSUTSUMI

    pp. 206-211

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    DOI:10.2207/qjjws.36.206

    Abstract

    Due to the increase of the amount of traffic and the weight of trucks, the fatigue cracks are occurring at the welding joints of steel bridges. This report shows the properties on the surface and depth direction of residual stress of welded joint specimens which were treated by hummer peening in order to study the effect of the hummer peening to the high-strength (HT780) and the conventional (SM490) steel. It was also clarified that the fatigue life of the high-strength steel welded joint specimens which were treated by hummer peening were more than twice as long as the untreated them.
  • © 2018 JAPAN WELDING SOCIETY

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