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日本エネルギー学会誌 Vol. 94 (2015), No. 1

ISIJ International
belloff
オンライン版ISSN: 1882-6121
冊子版ISSN: 0916-8753
発行機関: The Japan Institute of Energy

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日本エネルギー学会誌 Vol. 94 (2015), No. 1

火力電源入札制度によるリプレースの経済性評価

高野 祐人, 高嶋 隆太

pp. 121-129

DOI:

10.3775/jie.94.121

抄録

Recently the bidding system of investments in thermal power generations has been introduced. The existing power producer calls for bids for replacements and new installations to various agents as independent power producers (IPPs) via the system. In this paper, we consider the replacement problem under the system in a case for which there exist two agents as existing power producer and IPP. The replacement for thermal power plants is evaluated by taking into account the uncertainty of fuel cost in order to examine the effect of the system on the decision criteria of the replacement. In the analysis, we use the real options framework that is one of the economic evaluation method under the uncertainty. In particular, we derive a threshold for the replacement, which represents an optimal investment timing. By means of the threshold, we analyze an effect of wholesale electricity prices and bidding prices on the replacement timing. Additionally, we show that the replacement is accelerated due to the decrease in the bid price whereas excessive decreases induce the reduction in the replacement opportunity.

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火力電源入札制度によるリプレースの経済性評価

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石灰焼成炉内での廃プラスチックの燃焼性評価

浅沼 稔, 音成 光哉, 高島 暢宏, 甲田 直彦, 貞原 匡秀

pp. 130-136

DOI:

10.3775/jie.94.130

抄録

To clarify the combustion behavior of waste plastics injected into CaCO3 calcination furnace, a combustion test of granulated waste plastics has been carried out in the electric furnace and commercial furnace. Results of electric furnace test showed that a burning time of granulated waste plastics was about 25 sec at 1000 degree C. Moreover, it is considered that the density of plastics particle can affected combustion behavior. From the result of waste plastics injection test into CaCO3 calcination commercial process, the waste plastics was ignited immediately after the injection in the furnace, and dropped on CaCO3/CaO surface. Thereafter, waste plastics burned while moving with CaCO3/CaO. Furthermore, it was clarified that waste plastics are available as energy source that equivalent to the coke oven gas.

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石灰焼成炉内での廃プラスチックの燃焼性評価

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Comprehensive Evaluation Method for Rice Husk Combustion to Establish Biomass Recycling System

Yuji KUBOTA, Ryozo NOGUCHI, Yasuyuki HIDAKA, Takahiro NODA, Takuma GENKAWA, Tofael AHAMED, Tomohiro TAKIGAWA

pp. 137-142

DOI:

10.3775/jie.94.137

抄録

This study proposed a comprehensive evaluation method for rice husk combustion in rural areas. The evaluation was considered with the aspects of economic value of energy as conventional evaluation criterion, environmental impact, and economic value of rice husk charcoal in the recycling system. Inventory analysis was conducted to estimate material and energy flow for inputs and outputs of a rice husk burner (Kaneko Agricultural Machinery Co. Ltd. Saitama, Japan). Inventory data was collected for the combustion experiment using the rice husk burner. Results revealed that 14.4 kg-fuel/h of rice husk supply was the highest value of overall evaluation, because of producing valuable rice husk charcoal as by-product and small quantity of harmful substances in rice husk combustion. Trade-off relationship between economic value of energy, environmental impact, and the economic value of rice husk charcoal was observed in variations of the integrated result. It was clarified that the comprehensive evaluation method contributed to achieve high economic value of energy, low environmental impact, and high economic value of RHC simultaneously.

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Design and Analysis of Energy-Efficient Integrated Crude Palm Oil and Palm Kernel Oil Processes

Muhammad Aziz, Takuya ODA, Takao KASHIWAGI

pp. 143-150

DOI:

10.3775/jie.94.143

抄録

This study deals with an innovative design of integrated crude palm oil (CPO) and palm kernel oil processes based on process integration technology. Two types of cogeneration systems were introduced in this integrated process to further improve energy efficiency: a conventional boiler based cogeneration system and an internal combustion engine based cogeneration system. The solid wastes, including empty fruit bunches, fibers and nut shells, are used as fuel for boiler based cogeneration. Moreover, in the internal combustion engine based cogeneration, biogas is produced from the palm oil mill effluent exhausted from the CPO milling process. Energy analysis of the proposed integrated system was performed in terms of energy demand and patterns in both milling processes. The results show clearly the significant energy surplus in both milling processes. Furthermore, the huge potential of CPO and palm kernel oil mills in terms of both oil and energy production has the ability to increase national energy security in Indonesia.

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Effect of Rice Bran as a Nitrogen and Carbohydrate Source on Fed-Batch Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation for the Production of Bioethanol from Rice Straw

Kazuhiro MOCHIDZUKI, Shinichi KOBAYASHI, Hui WANG, Rena HATANAKA, Hatsue HIRAIDE

pp. 151-158

DOI:

10.3775/jie.94.151

抄録

Rice bran contains useful components such as starch, fiber, and protein. In this study, we investigated the use of rice bran as an inexpensive nutrient supplement for the growth of yeast in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) for bioethanol production from rice straw. We found that rice bran was as effective a nutrient as corn steep, which is the yeast nutrient typically used in SSF. The addition of rice bran during SSF also increased the sugar concentration, thus improving the initial growth rate of the yeast cells and rapidly creating a stable SSF condition as well as increasing the final ethanol concentration. In the lab-scale experiment, the final ethanol concentration reached 69.3 g/L, and the ethanol yield was 79%. Thus, we achieved highly efficient utilization of rice bran in SSF of rice straw in the lab-scale experiments, and these findings were verified in pilot-scale SSF experiments.

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