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溶接学会論文集 Vol. 32 (2014), No. 4

ISIJ International
belloff
オンライン版ISSN:
冊子版ISSN: 0288-4771
発行機関: JAPAN WELDING SOCIETY

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溶接学会論文集 Vol. 32 (2014), No. 4

非圧縮性 SPH法を用いた TIG溶接における溶融池形成シミュレーション

伊藤 真澄, 伊澤 精一郎, 福西 祐, 茂田 正哉

pp. 213-222

DOI:

10.2207/qjjws.32.213

抄録

An incompressible SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) method was applied to numerical simulation of the thermofluid behavior of an anode metal in a TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) welding process, taking account of the phase change of the anode material, free surface deformation of the liquid, and four dominant flow-driving forces, namely, gradient of surface tension (Marangoni effect), gas drag on the liquid surface, buoyancy, and electromagnetic force (Lorentz force). The present method successfully simulated that the direction of the temperature gradient of surface tension causes a significant difference of weld penetration. The penetration geometries of the present results agreed with those of actual welding processes. It is shown that the particle method used in this study is applicable to arc welding simulations.

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非圧縮性 SPH法を用いた TIG溶接における溶融池形成シミュレーション

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反復サブストラクチャー法を導入した理想化陽解法 FEMによる大規模溶接変形残留応力解析

生島 一樹, 伊藤 真介, 高倉 大典, 津乗 充良, 柴原 正和

pp. 223-234

DOI:

10.2207/qjjws.32.223

抄録

In order to establish the method to analyze the welding deformation and residual stress of the whole structure, the authors have developed a new analysis method called Idealized Explicit FEM (IEFEM). In this paper, Iterative Substructure Method (ISM) introduced IEFEM is proposed to achieve larger scale computation.
The proposed method was applied to simple girth weld problem of a pipe and analysis results were compared to those by the existing method. As a result, it was found that the proposed method has the almost same analysis accuracy as the existing method. Computing time and memory consumption were also investigated and it was shown that the proposed method can analyze large scale problem in dramatically shorter computing time and less memory consumption compared to those of the existing method. In addition, the proposed method was applied to the large scale problem of the welding process of the canister of high level radioactive waste. Analysis results were compared to measured experimental results and it was found that the results obtained by the proposed method and measured were in good agreement. And it was also found that the proposed method can analyze the large scale problem having more than 3 million degrees of freedom in realistic time.

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反復サブストラクチャー法を導入した理想化陽解法 FEMによる大規模溶接変形残留応力解析

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摩擦重ね接合による Mg添加量の異なる種々のアルミニウム合金／樹脂の直接異材接合

永塚 公彬, 斧田 俊樹, 岡田 俊哉, 中田 一博

pp. 235-241

DOI:

10.2207/qjjws.32.235

抄録

Direct dissimilar joining of various Al alloys (A1050, A3004, A5052 and A5083) plates and a polyamide 6 plate was performed using friction lap joining (FLJ) with the Al alloy plate as a top and the polyamide 6 plate as a bottom. The effect of Mg content in Al alloys on the joining strength was investigated. TEM analysis made clear that the polyamide 6 and Al alloys were joined via oxide layer consisted of Al2O3 and MgO. The results of XPS analysis indicated that MgO was formed by the heating during FLJ, and the quantity of MgO was increased with increasing Mg content in Al alloys. The tensile shear strengths of A3004, A5052 and A5083 joints were saturated to about 2 kN because of the tensile fracture at the polyamide 6 plate outside the tool passed zone, which were higher than that of the A1050 joint fractured at the joint interface. The peel strength of the joint was increased with increasing Mg content in Al alloys, and the fracture occurred both at the joint interface and at the polyamide 6 plate on the joint area. The fraction of polyamide 6 plate fracture was also increased with increasing Mg content in Al alloys.

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摩擦重ね接合による Mg添加量の異なる種々のアルミニウム合金／樹脂の直接異材接合

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多層溶接金属品質を考慮したマグ溶接の耐風性に関する研究

鈴木 励一, 笹倉 秀司, 横田 泰之, 佐藤 豊幸, 重森 康伸, 上仲 明郎, 西村 仁志, 木曽 博之

pp. 242-250

DOI:

10.2207/qjjws.32.242

抄録

Maximum cause to make mechanical toughness of the weld metal reduce in the process management is known to be a mixture of nitrogen including in the atmosphere by breaking the shield condition. Mixture of the atmosphere is prevented by blowing the shielding gas such as carbon dioxide, argon, and this mixture to the arc and the molten pool in the gas metal arc welding, but it is easily affected by the wind. Therefore, it has been recommended conventionally that wind velocity should be controlled less than 2.0m/sec. But it is thought that this recommendation value is unsuitable to produce multi-pass weld metal with high mechanical and porosity toughness property. Because this was provided from examination results by only consideration porosity toughness of single-pass weld metal but non-consideration mechanical toughness. In this paper, shielding condition is evaluated not only chemical analysis and mechanical properties of multi-pass weld metal in some velocity wind environment but also visualizing varied shielding gas behavior by the Schlieren method. As a result, it is necessary to be controlled the wind velocity less than 0.5m/sec to produce multi-pass weld metal with good properties. And the calculated velocity of shielding gas should be controlled more than twice the wind velocity.

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多層溶接金属品質を考慮したマグ溶接の耐風性に関する研究

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レーザ顕微鏡を用いたその場観察・計測法による再熱割れ感受性の定量評価

于 麗娜, 才田 一幸, 西本 和俊, 阪田 陽二

pp. 251-257

DOI:

10.2207/qjjws.32.251

抄録

In the post weld heat treatment (PWHT) process, the reheat cracking which might occur in the weldments of low alloy steels has been a serious problem. So, it is considered to be important to predict the possibility of occurrence of the reheat cracking in these steels. It is however recognized as time consuming procedure to evaluate quantitatively the susceptibility to this type of cracking. In the present study, a new quantitative evaluation method of reheat cracking susceptibility by in-situ observation and measurement using a laser confocal microscope has been proposed. Through this new method, the reheat cracking susceptibility of any kind of steels can been evaluated with the same standard. Moreover, because the position of initial crack can be focused and the critical ductility to initiate crack is measured by in-situ observation, the reheat cracking susceptibility can be evaluate by using only one specimen. So the newly developed method can provide efficient quantitative assessment of the reheat cracking sensitivity with high accuracy.

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レーザ顕微鏡を用いたその場観察・計測法による再熱割れ感受性の定量評価

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揺動レーザを用いた厚板突合せ狭開先多層溶接法の開発

山崎 洋輔, 阿部 洋平, 日置 幸男, 田中 智大, 中谷 光良, 北側 彰一, 中田 一博

pp. 258-266

DOI:

10.2207/qjjws.32.258

抄録

The oscillation laser beam is considered to be effective as a heat source of the narrow gap multi-layer welding, because the oscillation laser welding can control the penetration shape and prevent the lack of fusion. In this study, in order to establish a narrow gap welding process by oscillation laser beam, butt welding experiments of 50mm thickness carbon steel plate were performed. By the appropriate control of the heat input area using the in-process sensor for recognizing the groove shape, narrow gap welding of thick plate with groove which was cut by gas cutting was achieved. Properties of welded joint had been confirmed by nondestructive testing, tensile test, and side bend test. A two-dimensional numerical calculation model for welding deformation was developed. This calculation model was used for investigation of the optimal groove angle. The results of calculations were in quantitative agreement with the experimental results. Microstructure of the weld zone had multiple thermal histories. According to the hardness test results, maximum hardness of the heat affected zone of the upper layer has been lowered than that of the lower layer.

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揺動レーザを用いた厚板突合せ狭開先多層溶接法の開発

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溶接熱サイクルに伴う表面加工層での硬さ変化に基づいた表面機械加工後の溶接により生じる残留応力分布の数値解析

伊原 涼平, 岡野 成威, 望月 正人

pp. 267-275

DOI:

10.2207/qjjws.32.267

抄録

Recently, stress corrosion cracking (SCC) has been observed near the welded zone of the primary loop recirculation pipes made of low-carbon austenitic stainless steel type 316L in boilling water reactors. SCC is initiated by superposition effect of three factors. They are material, environmental and mechanical factors. For the non-sensitized material such as type 316L, residual stress as a mechanical factor of SCC is comparatively important. In the joining processes of pipes, butt-welding is conducted after surface machining. Surface machining is performed in order to match the inside diameter and smooth surface finish of pipes. Residual stress is generated by both processes. Moreover, residual stress distribution generated by surface machining is varied by subsequent welding process, and it has the maximum residual stress around 900 MPa near the weld metal. The variation of metallographic structure, such as recovery and recrystallization, in surface machined layer due to welding thermal cycle is an important factor for this residual stress distribution. In this study, thermal aging tests were performed in order to evaluate hardness variation due to thermal cycle in surface machined layer. The results of thermal aging tests were applied to finite element method (FEM) as the additivity rule of the hardness variation. Varied hardness was converted into equivalent plastic strain. Then, thermo-elastic-plastic analysis was performed under residual stress fields generated by surface machining. As a result, analytical results of surface residual stress distribution generated by bead-on-plate welding after surface machining show good agreement with measured results by X-ray diffraction method. The maximum residual stress near the weld metal is generated by same mechanism as both-ends-fixed bar model in surface machined layer that have high yield stress.

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溶接熱サイクルに伴う表面加工層での硬さ変化に基づいた表面機械加工後の溶接により生じる残留応力分布の数値解析

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